• דָּבָר dāvār {1697},     אִמְרָה ʾim^erāh {565},     תּוֹרָה  tôrāh {8451},     חֹק chōq {2706}
• פִּקּוּדִים  piqqûdhi^ym {6490},     עֵדָה ʿēdhāh {5713},     מִצְוָה  mits^ewāh {4687}
• מִשְׁפָּט  mish^epāṭ {4941},     דֶּרֶךְ  derekh^e {1870},     אֹרַח ʾōrach {734}
• Verses without Synonyms for Scripture

  For anyone who wishes to briefly delve into the grammar and vocabulary of any verse in Psalm 119, the following website contains individual videos for every verse at the: Daily Dose of Hebrew - Psalm 119 (Note: It may take some time for the page to appear; don't give up!) This will begin at verse 77 and go down to verse 1 at the bottom; click on "Next Entries" there for verses 176 through 78.

  The following table provides full quotes of the 23 verses in which the highlighted words (based upon דָּבָר dāvār {1697}) occur 24 times: Once as דָּבָר in verse 49, as דָבָר dhāvār in 42 and as דְבַר dh^evar in 43. As דְּבָרֶךָ d^evārekhā in 16 and 101 or דְבָרֶךָ dh^evārekhā in 17 and 105 or דְּבָרְךָ d^evār^ekhā in 89 and 160, or as דְּבָרֶיךָ d^evāreykhā in 130 and 139. Also prefixed with the prepositions bi, ki and li as: בִּדְבָרֶךָ bidh^evārekhā in 42, כִּדְבָרֶךָ kidh^evārekhā in 9, 25, 28, 65, 107, כִּדְבָרְךָ kidh^evār^ekhā in 169 and לִדְבָרְךָ lidh^evār^ekhā in 74, 81, 114 and 147.^[1] And lastly as וּמִדְּבָרְךָ umid^evār^ekhā in 161.^[1]

[Note: Words highlighted in pink also refer to Scripture. There are seven verses which contain two of such words in each of them: 15, 16, 43, 48, 160, 168 and 172. The GREEN one is always the one currently being discussed, and the PINK one is dealt with in a separate table.]

  The following table consists of all the verses from Psalm 119 in which the Hebrew words based upon אִמְרָה ʾim^erāh {565} occur 19 times:
As אִמְרָתֶךָ ʾim^erāthekhā in 11, 38, 103, 162 and 172; also prefixed by the prepositions בְּ in 133 and 148, and כְּ in 41 and 58. Then as אִמְרָתְךָ ʾim^erāth^ekhā in 50, 67, 140 and 158; which is prefixed by the prepositions כְּ in 76, 116 (with כְ) and 170, and by לְ in 82 and 154. And one time where אִמְרַת ʾim^erath is prefixed by וּלְ in verse 123.

  This table contains all 25 times (in the same number of verses) in Psalm 119 which mention the Law (or Torah); comprised of words based upon תּוֹרָה  tôrāh {8451}. All by itself as תוֹרָתֶךָ  thôrāthekhā in verse 34, 97, 136 and 165, as תוֹרָתְךָ  thôrāth^ekhā in 44, 77, 92 and 153, as תּוֹרָתֶךָ  tôrāthekhā in 53, 55 and 126, and as תּוֹרָתְךָ  tôrāth^ekhā in 61, 70 and 163 and as only תוֹרַת  thôrath in verse 72. It is also prefixed by the prepositions בְּ b^e (as בְּתוֹרַת b^ethôrath in verse 1), כְ kh^e (as כְתוֹרָתֶךָ kh^ethôrāthekhā in verse 85) and מִ mi (as מִתּוֹרָתֶךָ  mitôrāthekhā in 18 and מִתּוֹרָתְךָ  mitôrāth^ekhā in 51 and 150), and prefixed by the conjunction וְ w^e as וְתוֹרָתְךָ  w^ethôrāth^ekhā in 29, 109, 113, 142 and 174.

  The word for "statutes," rules or prescribed limits (חֹק chōq {2706}) is used 22 times in Psalm 119; spelled as: חֻקֶּיךָ  chuqqeykhā in verses 5, 8, 12, 26, 33, 54, 64, 68, 71, 83, 112, 135, 145, 155 and 171, and prefixed by the prepositions בְּ in 23 and 80, בְ in 48 and 117 and מֵ in 118, and the conjunction וְ in 124. It is also spelled as חֻקֹּתֶיךָ  chuqqtheykhā and prefixed with בְּ in verse 16.

  God’s instructions or “precepts” פִּקּוּדִים  piqqûdhi^ym {6490} are found 21 times in these same number of verses as: פִקֻּדֶיךָ  fiqqudheykhā in verses 4, 45, 56 and 141, prefixed by the prepositions בְּ b^e in 15 and לְ l^e in 40, as פִּקּוּדֶיךָ  piqqûdheykhā in verses 27, 63, 69, 93 and 134, prefixed by the preposition מִ mi in 104 and with the conjunction added וּמִ ûmi in 110, as פִקּוּדֶיךָ  fiqqûdheykhā in verses 94, 100, 159, 168 and 173, and prefixed by בְּ b^e in 78, also as פִקֻּודֶיךָ  fiqquwdheykhā in verse 87 and פִּקּוּדֵי  piqqûdhē^y in verse 128.

  The word עֵדָה ʿēdhāh {5713} is used 23 times in this chapter as: עֵדְוֺתֶיךָ ʿēdh^eôtheykhā in verses 14, 36, 99, 111, 129 and 144, prefixed with בְ v^e in 31 and מֵ mē in 157, as עֵדֹתֶיךָ ʿēdhōtheykhā in verses 22, 24, 59, 79, 95, 119, 125, 138, 146 and 167, prefixed with בְ v^e in 46, מֵ mē in 152 and the conjunction וְ w^e in 168, and as עֵדֹתָיו ʿēdhōthāyn in verse 2 and עֵדוּת ʿēdhûth in verse 88.
(Note: In verse 79, the word in parentheses is the k^ethi^yv and its q^erē^y is וְ֜יֹדְעֵ֗י .)

  The word מִצְוָה  mits^ewāh {4687} occurs 22 times in this Psalm as: מִצְוֺתֶיךָ  mits^eôtheykhā in verses 6, 19, 32, 35, 48, 60, 73, 86, 96, 98, 127, 143, 151, 172 and 176 and prefixed with בְּ b^e in 47, בְ v^e in 66, לְ l^e in 131 and the conjunction וּ û in 166. Also prefixed with מִ as מִמִּצְוֺתֶיךָ  mimmits^eôtheykhā in verses 10 and 21. And simply as מִצְוֺת  mits^eôth in verse 115.

  As a synonym for the Scriptures, the word מִשְׁפָּט  mish^epāṭ {4941} occurs 20 times as: מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ  mish^epāṭeykhā in verses 20, 30, 39, 52, 75 and 137, prefixed with the prepositions לְ l^e in 43 and 91, כְּ k^e in 149 and 156, mi as מִמִּשְׁפָּטֶיךָ  mimmish^epāṭeykhā in 102, and with the conjunction וּ û in 108 and 175 and as וּמִמִּשְׁפָּטֶיךָ  ûmimmish^epāṭeykhā in 120. As מִשְׁפְּטֵי  mish^ep^eṭē^y in 7, 13, 62, 106 and 164, and as מִשְׁפַּט  mish^epaṭ in 160.

  The word דֶּרֶךְ  derekh^e {1870} is used twice; both occurrences being prefixed with the preposition בְּ b^e, as: דְרָכָיו  dh^erākhāyn in verse 3 and as דְרָכֶךָ  dh^erākhekhā in verse 37.

  And lastly, אֹרַח ʾōrach {734} is used only once in this Psalm as אֹרְחֹתֶיךָ ʾōr^echōthetkhā in verse 15.

  And the following table of five verses are those which do not contain a reference to the Scriptures. Three of them do, however, use the word מִשְׁפָּט mish^epāṭ {4941} (which is highlighted where it occurs), but in the sense of judgment or punishment in verse 84, justice in verse 121 and manner in verse 132. Verse 90 speaks of God's faithfulness (or steadfastness אֱמוּנָה ʾĕmûnāh {530}).

¹[Return to Text]   The highlighted words in verses 147 and 161 (marked with an * asterisk; along with a non-highlighted word in verse 79, in a separate table) have always been written a certain way in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (called כְּתִיב  k^ethi^yv; "it is written") but are always read or pronounced a different way (called the קְרֵי  q^erē^y; "to be read"); usually found in the margins or as footnotes, but some words being so prevalent throughout the Scriptures do not have any written q^erē^y forms (the personal name for God being the most important of these; always written as: יְהוָ֗ה, but the vowels in that k^ethi^yv were only there as a reminder to say or read the word אֲדוֹנָי ʾ^adônāy, Lord, which every Jew was taught to read in its place). So, I decided to keep the incorrect spellings in the verses from the Masoretic Text, but to use the corrected (Q^erē^y) spellings in the description counts above them.

  For more on this topic, see the section: "15. KETHIBH AND QERE" in Jacob Weingreen, A Practical Grammar for Classical Hebrew, Second Edition, pp. 22-23.

²[Return to Text]   Apart from Weigreen's text above (under "KETHIBH AND QERE") and other very brief mentions of יהוה (the Tetragrammaton) in various Hebrew grammars, the following video after explaining some details about God's personal name in the Scriptures, concludes with reasons why this professor does not believe "Yahweh" should be used as an English translation of The Divine Name. Much more could be said, and one should consult as many works as possible on this topic. The word that persisted in many different English translations (Jehovah) may at least in part be due to some confusion in the transliteration of the י (Yodh) into German by "J"; which any who've heard a German say 'Yes' in that language know "Ja" must be pronounced like Yah in English. In fact, every Biblical name beginning with a "J" in English is actually a Yodh in the Hebrew.

First Published: December 29, 2023. (2023.12.29)
Updated on: 2 JAN 2024 (2024.01.02); added more Hebrew verse lists, 12 JAN 2024 (2024.01.12); some corrections and more descriptions, 13 JAN 2024 (2024.01.13); completed all the tables, 17 JAN 2024 (2024.01.17); added links and footnote about YHWH.

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